Adherence to Fluid Restrictions among Haemodialysis Patients in Private Haemodialysis Centres in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Abstract

End stage kidney disease (ESKD) is an irreversible progressive kidney function that requires kidney replacement therapy. Over two million people have currently received dialysis treatment worldwide. Haemodialysis treatment has been developed as a practical, safe and efficient method for the care of patients with ESRD. However, HD treatments generally have a more negative impact on patients' quality of life (QoL), high morbidity and mortality rate, as well as major adverse cardiovascular events. Compliance to dietary, fluid restrictions, medications and treatment regimens is one of the contributors to the quality of life observed in patients ESKD undergoing haemodialysis treatment. This study is aimed on the measurement of the fluid restriction adherence of 132 haemodialysis patient in MAIWP-PICOMS haemodialysis centres. An interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) was used as an indicator to describe the level of adherence level. Method: An observational study was conducted among consenting patients on HD for ≥3 months with criteria of age from 18 to 65 years old using end-stage renal disease-adherence questionnaire (ESRD-AQ). Result: Of 132 participated patients were observed, 53% were female and 47% were male with a mean age of 49.05 ±11.52 years and HD duration mean length of 1.33 ranging from 1-5 years. Statistically, a significant association between level of fluid adherence behaviour and treatment duration (p < .01) was found in this study. Meanwhile, the level of adherence to fluid restrictions was range between 45.5% - 50%, which was considered good. Conclusion: Significantly, adhered to fluid restriction among haemodialysis patients may prevent patients from many adverse consequences and improve the quality of life. Therefore, nurses and healthcare providers has been suggested to play a pivotal role in delivering education on fluid restriction for haemodialysis patient.