Semarak Current Biomedical Technology Research Journal

Analytical Simulation of Magnetohydrodynamics Casson Blood Flow using CNTs in a Channel with Atherosclerosis Condition

Fri, 31 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Atherosclerosis is a condition where the arteries become narrowed and hardened due to the buildup of plaque, which is made up of cholesterol, fat and other substances. This narrowing restricts blood flow and can lead to severe complications such as heart attacks and strokes. The biofluid dynamics of blood is commonly studied numerically using various numerical methods, which can lead to the inaccuracies of results. Therefore, the analytical solution is important as it can provide a verification to the approximate solutions obtained by numerical methods. The present study interested to discover the realm of blood rheology in analytical field by investigating the blood flow under the influences of nanoparticles (drug-carriers), porosity (plaque) and magnetic field (external source of energy). The Navier Stokes equations incorporating the Casson fluid model govern the fluid flow subjected to suitable initial and boundary conditions. The conversion of dimensional governing equations into dimensionless is conducted using relevant dimensionless variables, which are then employed by the Laplace transform to attain the analytical solutions. The results report that the addition of carbon nanotube (CNTs) significantly enhances the heat transfer and velocity of the blood, which can be an advantage in the process of plaque fragmentation. Besides, this analytical study of blood flow provides valuable theoretical insights into the fundamental principles governing cardiovascular physiology, guiding the development of medical devices and treatments and informing clinical decision-making.

A Narrative Review of Capnography usage in Clinical Medicine

Mon, 03 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Capnography is the graphical study of carbon dioxide during expiration. Capnography has evolved and is more than merely a biomedical device that is used in the emergency department and intensive care unit (ICU). There is volume based and time-based capnographs. Although end tidal CO₂ (EtCO₂) is the most used parameter in clinical medicine, there are an abundance of other parameters from the capnometer. The capnographic parameters could originate from specific plot points of the time- or volume-based curves, the area under the curve, or other mathematical and computationally transformed data of the CO₂. Although research of capnometry since its inception has focused on the respiratory aspects of the CO₂ signal with EtCO₂, newer parameters could be used to monitor, diagnose, and prognose certain circulatory and metabolic disorders. In short, capnography is inevitably one of the important vital signs of modern medicine. As physiologically challenging conditions such as deep-sea diving and the now rampant space travel are becoming more common, there might be a need for familiarisation with capnogram usage. In this narrative review, we go through the physiologic, mathematical, physics and clinical aspects of capnography.

Radiation Application in Consumer and Health Application - A Preliminary Review

Siti Balqis Mohd Shamsuri, Siti Amira Othman, Nurun Saqinah Jasrin — Mon, 03 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Irradiation method has received a tremendous attention in recent years especially as a consumer and health application. For consumer product, any compound that can be used as a cleaning agent is known as a detergent. Detergents are known with their natural radioactivity levels like other industrial products. While in the health application, generally people in many regions of the world still do not get enough iodine and iodine deficiency remains a public health issue. Around 30 % of the world's population is at danger of iodine deficiency. According to Oxford Advances Learning Dictionary, the word adsorb is defined as the accumulation of liquid or gas on surface of a substance. Meanwhile, thyroid is gland in the neck that produces hormone which regulate and control the body growth and function. Thus, from this review, the topic is basically about the effects when iodine is adsorbed in the thyroid gland that could cause thyroid disease. Review on the irradiated detergent is also presented.

Preliminary Review of Local Diagnostic Reference Level (DRLS) for Government Healthcare Dental Centres in Abu Dhabi

Wadha Mohammed Ali Al Shamsi, Siti Amira Othman — Tue, 04 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Radiological examinations and studies are used in the medical field. Radiographs play an important role in today’s medicine, especially for dental diagnosis. Ionizing radiation is well known for being used in dental imaging. According to the as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) concept for radiation protection, dentists must expose patients to the least amount of radiation while providing appropriate imaging quality. Dental radiology's technological development began after 1919, when adequate electrical insulation made intraoral imaging techniques safe to perform. In the 1960s, panoramic dental imaging began to be made available to the public, whereas computed tomography has been used since the 1970s. Therefore, establishing diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) is one method to ensure a healthcare provider's optimal performance when using ionizing radiation procedures.

Case Report: Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Trachea Mimicking Bronchial Asthma

Tue, 11 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

We discussed a 54 years old Malay gentleman who presented to the emergency department with severe difficulty in breathing and wheezing. The patient almost collapsed and an emergency intubation was done followed by a CT scan of the neck and thorax later. CT scan showed an ill-defined heterogenously enhancing intramural lesion measuring 2.7 x 2.4 x 3.3 cm arising from the posterior tracheal wall and projecting into the tracheal lumen. A rigid bronchoscopy showed a polypoidal tumour mass at the lower one third of the trachea occluding the lumen. Partial resection of tumour and tracheal stenting were performed to relieve the obstruction. Histopathological examination of the resected sample showed a cellular tumour with cribriform pattern. The tumour composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. The cells displayed uniform basaloid to ovoid nuclei and scanty cytoplasm. Some of the epithelial cells showed mildly pleomorphic nuclei with prominent nucleoli. The cribriform pattern composed of predominantly myoepithelial cells with myxoid background or hyalinized globules. Mitotic figures were rarely seen. The stroma was hyalinized. A diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) was made.