Semarak International Journal of Electronic System Engineering

Enhancing Power System Resilience Through Optimized Load-Shedding Strategies

Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Electric power systems are critical to modern life, supporting essential services and economic activities. However, these systems are increasingly vulnerable to natural disasters such as hurricanes, which can severely damage infrastructure and disrupt power supply. The growing intensity and frequency of these events, driven by climate change, highlight the urgent need to enhance power system resilience. Load shedding is a vital mitigation strategy used to balance the supply and demand during extreme events, ensuring system stability and resilience which preventing widespread outages. Despite its importance, existing studies primarily focus on immediate impacts, with limited exploration of optimal load-shedding strategies to minimize power losses and enhanced resilience. This study introduces the Integrated Clonal Squirrel Search Evolutionary Programming (ICSSEP), a novel hybrid optimization technique that integrates Clonal Selection Optimization (CSO) and the Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA) into the Evolutionary Programming (EP) algorithm. The ICSSEP algorithm addresses the limitations of traditional optimization methods, such as entrapment in local optima, by improving accuracy and efficiency. Using the IEEE 57-Bus Reliability Test System (RTS), the proposed method determines the optimal locations and sizes for load-shedding to minimize power losses and enhance system resilience. Two scenarios simulating hurricane impacts were analysed, focusing on line outages and their effects on system performance. The ICSSEP-based load-shedding strategy was applied, and pre- and post-load-shedding resilience indices were calculated. Results demonstrated significant improvements in resilience and substantial reductions in power losses across all scenarios and reactive power demands. For instance, at Bus 33 with a reactive power demand of 15 MVAr, power losses were reduced by 14.17 % in Scenario 1 and 40.17 % in Scenario 2 after optimization. It worth to mention that, ICSSEP effectively enhances the power system resilience and minimizes transmission losses, proving to be a robust tool for mitigating the adverse impacts of extreme events. Its adaptability to varying operational conditions makes it a promising solution for modern power systems. Future research should explore its application to larger networks and dynamic environments to further validate its scalability and effectiveness.

The Development of Augmented Reality Application in Electronic Design Topic Under Design and Technology: Application Design Validation

Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The evolution of education has brought significant transformation of Teaching and Learning (T&L) sessions with technologies and digital products, offering students engagement with new learning experiences. This change leads to the change of curriculum of education in Malaysia especially in technical and vocational subject. Design and Technology (D&T) is one of the newest subjects which is replaced from Integrated Life Skills. There are multiple studies shows electronic topic is one of the hardest topics in D&T which leads to difficulty of students to reach their highest mastery level in Curriculum Standard and Assessment Documentation (DSKP). The teachers and students do not have enough time to build electronic project due to their lack of technical skills and poor visualisation effect of students. This purpose of this study is to design and develop Augmented Reality (AR) application in electronic topic and validate the application design validity among experts. This study uses qualitative research design with the help of model ADDIE approach which focuses more on design, development, and implementation phase. The design and development of application uses main theories which are Multisensory Learning and Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning with the help of navigation map, wireframe, and storyboards. After design and development phase, the application design will be validated by three experts who are in Information Technology, and Computer Science field by using questionnaire. There are 12 items in questionnaire to validate the application design validity. The data of the study is analysed by using Content Validity Index (CVI). The result of CVI value for all items are 1.00 and the value of S-CVI is 1.00. This shows the application design validity can be used in pilot study and actual study to see the usability or effectiveness of the application. In conclusion, application design had been validated by experts which could enhance the quality of application design and find the gaps of the research in future studies which are findings its usability and effectiveness of the application.

A Data-Driven Approach for Batik Pattern Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)

Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Batik is one of Indonesia's cultural heritage with complex and diverse patterns, high artistic value and deep philosophy. Manually classifying batik patterns takes time and depends on expert knowledge, making the process inefficient. It is very difficult to distinguish batik pattern motifs because of the similarity between one and the other. This research aims to develop a batik pattern classification model using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with a data-based approach, allowing pattern recognition and classification to be carried out automatically and accurately. The data set used consisted of 4,284 batik images divided into five pattern classes: kawung, slope, ceplok, machet, and nitik. In this study, the CNN model was developed by utilizing transfer learning techniques with MobileNetV3 that had been trained previously on large datasets. The training process involves adding data to increase the robustness of the model against variations in batik patterns. Evaluation is carried out by measuring the accuracy and loss of the model. The results showed that the CNN model achieved an average accuracy of 93.42% on training data and 93.88% on test data. This study shows that a data-driven approach using CNN is effective for the classification of batik patterns, providing more accurate results compared to manual methods and offering an efficient solution for the digitization of the batik industry. Data driven helps produce a general model and is able to recognize batik motifs that have never been seen before. By using data-driven, larger, more diverse data allows the model to better understand variations in patterns and textures. The developed model can serve as the basis for wider applications in cultural preservation and technological advancement based on artificial intelligence.

Multi-Objective Economic Dispatch Problems: An Evolutionary Programming Approach

Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Optimizing multiple objectives is a common challenge in complex decision-making scenarios, where improving one objective often comes at the expense of another. In power system generation, two critical objectives must be simultaneously minimized: the total generation cost and the total emissions released. This study introduces a multi-objective optimization method developed to address these dual objectives. The proposed approach aims to identify the optimal solution to the economic dispatch problem, balancing the trade-off between minimizing generation costs and reducing environmental impact by lowering total emissions. Heuristic optimization is used to solve this multi-objective combined economic and emission dispatch (MOCEED) problems through the implementation of Multi-Objective Evolutionary Programming (MOEP). In this study, the Weighted Sum Method (WSM) is combined with the Evolutionary Programming (EP) technique to minimize both objectives. The developed approach is validated on the IEEE 30-Bus RTS, which consists of six generators. The effectiveness of the developed technique is evaluated and compared the results against scenarios without optimization. Simulations are performed using MATLAB software, and the results demonstrate that the proposed Multi-Objective Evolutionary Programming (MOEP) successfully identifies the optimal generator outputs, achieving significant reductions in both total generation cost and emissions. These results highlight the method's capability to provide superior solutions for multi-objective economic dispatch problems.

Exploring Organic-Based Saturable Absorption Focusing on Spider Silk in Q-Switched Pulse Fiber Laser Applications: A Mini Review

Nur Ainnaa Mardhiah Muhammad , Noor Azura Awang, Agus Muhamad Hatta — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The fiber laser combines the fiber gain medium's function as a fiber amplifier, transforming it into laser output through integration within a cavity configuration. Meanwhile, a pulsed fiber laser is capable of generating short bursts of laser emission characterized by high peak power levels. This concept is known as Q-switching. A saturable absorber material is essential for passive Q-switching, as it is integrated into the laser cavity to produce an instantaneously Q-switched pulse fiber laser. While these materials have been effective in generating pulsed lasers, they often come with unresolved issues, such as long-term exposure to two-dimensional materials can pose health risks. To address this gap, researchers have shifted their interest toward natural or organic materials in the quest for new saturable absorbers. This mini-review provides a comprehensive overview of the saturable absorber mechanism, including essential theoretical equations and key measurement parameters. The next section continues by exploring the fundamentals and early development of saturable absorbers, followed by an in-depth explanation of the Q-switched pulse generation process using erbium-doped fiber as the gain medium and saturable absorber. Critical parameters influencing the performance of Q-switched pulse fiber lasers are discussed, with special attention given to recent advancements in organic-based saturable absorbers for Q-switching. The potential of spider silk as an innovative saturable absorber in Q-switched pulse fiber laser applications is highlighted. Finally, the review delves into the wide-ranging applications of these lasers, including tunable and switchable dual-wavelength fiber lasers with sensor for temperature measurement and to detect adulteration in pure kelulut honey and sucrose solution.