Forensic Investigation to Retrieve 3D Shoe Impression: A Review

Abstract

In crime scenes such as burglary and murder, the search for physical trace evidence left behind by the suspect is a priority for forensic investigators. A shoe impression is a type of trace evidence that can link the crime scene and the suspect. However, 3D shoe impressions are often neglected at crime scenes due to the complexities of retrieving and preserving the evidence. Shoe impressions are typically retrieved using the standard method of casting. Various techniques have been introduced to retrieve 3D shoe impressions which are reviewed in this paper, including recently introduced techniques that focus on casting using different materials, Structured from Motion (SfM), and 3D light scanning. Additionally, this review discusses alternative techniques to uncover shoe impressions, including each technique's benefits, drawbacks, and gaps.