Optimization of Solar Power Plant with Variation of Solar Reflector Angles and Use of Passive Cooling Integrated Internet of Things

Abstract

With the growing global demand for energy, exploring alternative energy sources, particularly solar energy, in equatorial regions where abundant sunlight is essential. Solar panels, which convert sunlight into electricity, must be optimally positioned to capture the maximum amount of sunlight and operate within an ideal temperature range for efficiency. However, two key challenges must be addressed: ensuring solar panels are consistently aligned with the sun and managing heat buildup, which can reduce performance. This study proposes a specialized optimization system to enhance solar panel efficiency by addressing these issues. The system adjusts the angle of solar reflectors to maximize sunlight exposure. It incorporates passive cooling mechanisms, such as heatsinks and cooling blocks, which are attached to the back of the panels to regulate temperature. Real-time monitoring using Internet of Things (IoT) technology tracks critical parameters, including solar reflector angles, panel and ambient temperatures, light intensity, weather conditions and electrical output. A comparative analysis between standard solar panels and those equipped with this optimization system demonstrates that the latter significantly outperforms conventional setups. The system ensures maximum sunlight absorption, maintains optimal operating temperatures and boosts overall energy production. These findings underscore the potential of the proposed system to improve the reliability and efficiency of solar energy generation in equatorial regions, contributing to more sustainable energy solutions in high-sunlight environments.