Optimization of Extraction Solvents on the Antioxidant Properties of Coconut Waste

Authors

  • Husna Filzah Ismail Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Fazrena Nadia Md Akhir Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Nor’azizi Othman Department of Mechanical Precision Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Hirofumi Hara Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.1.109117

Keywords:

Coconut waste, phenolic compound, antioxidant activity

Abstract

Cocos nucifera L. (family Arecaceae) commonly known as coconut is considered as an important fruit crop in tropical countries and are widely used for therapeutic and domestic purpose. They have effective properties such as antioxidant, antitumor, antiseptic and antimicrobial. The growing demand for green coconut water consumption and food industries cause the dumping of the shell and husk of this fruit, generating large amount of solid waste. This study utilized part of coconut waste to study the impacts of solvent type on the phenolic content. Six different polarities of solvent were chosen. Total phenolic content was performed using Folin-Ciocalteu assay and free radical scavenging activity with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhydrazil (DPPH) method. Total phenolic content for coconut shell was the highest at 71.57 ± 0.275 mg GAE/g for propanol extract and 74.10 ± 0.741 mg GAE/g for acetone extract of coconut husk. The antioxidant activity of all sample extracts was analysed using DPPH assay. Highest radical scavenging activity of coconut husk was observed by propanol extract with 93.82 ± 0.052 % while the lowest scavenging activity was demonstrated by chloroform extract with percentage of 57.77 ± 2.255%. Acetone extract of the shell exhibited the highest scavenging activity of 91.23 ± 0.073%, while chloroform extract of coconut shell demonstrated the lowest antioxidant activity of 70.627 ± 0.467%.

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Author Biographies

Husna Filzah Ismail, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

hfilzah2@graduate.utm.my

Fazrena Nadia Md Akhir , Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

fazrena@utm.my

Nor’azizi Othman, Department of Mechanical Precision Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

norazizio.kl@utm.my

Hirofumi Hara, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

ahhara@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp

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Published

2024-05-15

How to Cite

Husna Filzah Ismail, Fazrena Nadia Md Akhir, Nor’azizi Othman, & Hirofumi Hara. (2024). Optimization of Extraction Solvents on the Antioxidant Properties of Coconut Waste. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 117(1), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.117.1.109117

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