Synthesisation, Fabrication, and Incorporation Techniques of MAX Phase and MXene Saturable Absorber in Passively Q-switched and Mode-locked All-fibre Laser Cavities: A Review

Authors

  • Kawther M Musthafa Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Azura Hamzah Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Ooi Wei Ling Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Ahmad Haziq Aiman Rosol Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Norliza Mohamed Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics (RFTI), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Petra Yahya, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Mahroof Mohamed Mafroos Division of Electrical and Electronic, Telecommunication Engineering Technology, Institute Technology Universiti of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
  • Sulaiman Wadi Harun Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.32.2.119141

Keywords:

MAX Phase, MXene, saturable absorber, all-fibre laser, passively mode-lock, passively Q-switch

Abstract

MAX phases and MXene have been introduced in passively pulsed-laser generation for their viability as substitutes to unadventurous saturable absorbers such as saturable absorber mirror, multi-wall and single-wall carbon nanotube, graphene, and transition metal dichalcogenides, contributing to both Q-switching and mode-locking tactics. Fundamental saturable-absorber features such as nonlinear saturable absorption, astonishing depth of modulation, flexibly tuneable bandgap, and high electron density around the Fermi level, establish MAX phases and MXene as formidable contenders with decent performance in the saturable absorber regime. Recent research works contributing to MAX Phases and MXene—particularly in nonlinear ultrafast optics—have shown an exponential increase, since MAX Phases and MXene are of the prime regime of 2D nanomaterials that offer vast combination options by the formation of metal nitride, metal carbide, or carbonitride clusters with a 2D layered structure, with special emphasis on fabrication and incorporation of saturable absorbers into laser cavities. This review critically summarises the advancement on the synthesis, fabrication, and incorporation of the MAX phases and MXene saturable absorbers, as well as the incorporation methodologies and techniques into all-fibre laser cavities configured either in linear or ring configuration, summing up the identified issues and challenges and discussing future perspectives of this novel material.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Azura Hamzah, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

azurahamzah@utm.my

Ooi Wei Ling, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

weiling1997@graduate.utm.my

Ahmad Haziq Aiman Rosol, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

haziqaiman1992@gmail.com

Norliza Mohamed, Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics (RFTI), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Petra Yahya, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

norlizam.kl@utm.my

Mahroof Mohamed Mafroos, Division of Electrical and Electronic, Telecommunication Engineering Technology, Institute Technology Universiti of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka

mmmafroos@gmail.com

Sulaiman Wadi Harun, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia

swharun@um.edu.my

Downloads

Published

2023-09-09

How to Cite

Kawther M Musthafa, Azura Hamzah, Ooi Wei Ling, Ahmad Haziq Aiman Rosol, Norliza Mohamed, Mahroof Mohamed Mafroos, & Sulaiman Wadi Harun. (2023). Synthesisation, Fabrication, and Incorporation Techniques of MAX Phase and MXene Saturable Absorber in Passively Q-switched and Mode-locked All-fibre Laser Cavities: A Review. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 32(2), 119–141. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.32.2.119141

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)