A Comprehensive Study on EDFA Gain Flattening for WDM Transmission using Cascaded Fiber Bragg Gratings

Authors

  • Moustafa Hussein Aly Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
  • Engy Khalil El Nayal Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt
  • Heba Ahmed Fayed Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
  • Hanan Mahmoud El-Gammal Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.40.1.96108

Keywords:

Gain flattening , Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs), Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), Noise Figure (NF)

Abstract

The gain flattening of optical amplifiers plays a crucial role in optical Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) communication systems, ensuring uniform amplification across all channels. This study focuses on investigating the gain flattening characteristics of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) using cascaded Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in the C-band wavelength range. A comparative analysis of various optical amplifiers revealed that EDFA exhibited the highest gain variation, making it an optimal choice for gain flattening. The key parameters to achieve optimal EDFA gain flattening include the wavelengths of the channels, EDFA length, noise figure (NF), and the number of cascaded FBGs. Simulation experiments are conducted using Optisystem software (ver. 14.2) and the obtained results reveal that EDFA gain flatness can be achieved within the wavelength range of 1531 to 1533 nm, utilizing an EDFA length of 6 m and 12 cascaded FBGs. These findings contribute to the advancement of gain flattening techniques in optical WDM systems, enhancing their performance and reliability.

Author Biographies

Moustafa Hussein Aly, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt

mosaly@aast.edu

Engy Khalil El Nayal, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt

engy.elnayal@pau.edu.eg

Heba Ahmed Fayed, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt

hebam@aast.edu

Hanan Mahmoud El-Gammal, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt

hanan.elgammal@pua.edu.eg

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Published

2024-02-19

How to Cite

Moustafa Hussein Aly, Engy Khalil El Nayal, Heba Ahmed Fayed, & Hanan Mahmoud El-Gammal. (2024). A Comprehensive Study on EDFA Gain Flattening for WDM Transmission using Cascaded Fiber Bragg Gratings. Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 40(1), 96–108. https://doi.org/10.37934/araset.40.1.96108

Issue

Vol. 40 No. 1: October (2024)

Section

Articles