Modelling of the Flame Synthesis of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes in Non-premixed Flames with Aerosol Catalyst

Authors

  • Muhammad Syafiq Ridhwan Selamat High Speed Reacting Flow Laboratory (HIREF), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Thalhah Zainal High Speed Reacting Flow Laboratory (HIREF), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin High Speed Reacting Flow Laboratory (HIREF), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Norikhwan Hamzah High Speed Reacting Flow Laboratory (HIREF), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Nor azwadi Che Sidik Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (Mjiit), Utm Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37934/arnht.13.1.3951

Keywords:

Flame synthesis, Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), Discrete particle modelling (DPM), Multi-scale model

Abstract

The use of aerosol catalyst in the flame synthesis of carbon nanotube (CNT) is known to yield single-walled CNT (SWCNT) that is useful for various applications. Modelling works are needed to optimize operating conditions for SWCNT growth but are unavailable. Therefore, a baseline model for the aerosol-catalyst system in flames is developed and the effect of oxygen on SWCNT growth is investigated. A baseline flame model for a normal diffusion flame with 24% oxygen concentration at the inlet is established via Computational Fluid Dynamic simulation. A dispersed phase model (DPM) is employed to simulate the entrainment of catalyst particles. The flame model is coupled with a published CNT growth rate model to predict the CNT growth rate at each particle. Inlet oxygen concentration is varied from 19% to 27% to study the effect of oxygen on SWCNT growth. Satisfactory validation of the baseline flame shape and temperature is established. Results show that particle 3 for the baseline case yields the highest CNT length compared to other particles due to the suitable path for the synthesis. The particles are classified based on the shortest time residence, moderate and longest time residence. Increasing oxygen concentration from 19% to 27% results in a 30% decrease in CNT length for particle 3 for each inlet condition due to lower carbon precursor and composition in the flame. Furthermore, the results showed that regardless of burner operating conditions, high SWCNT growth is consistently predicted between 120-140 mm HAB, which indicates the existence of an optimum range of species concentration for SWCNT growth in aerosol-based flame synthesis. Thus, it can be inferred that SWCNT growth in the aerosol–based method is highly dependent on carbon source and moderately dependent on temperature

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Author Biographies

Muhammad Syafiq Ridhwan Selamat, High Speed Reacting Flow Laboratory (HIREF), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

syafiqridhwan98@gmail.com

Muhammad Thalhah Zainal, High Speed Reacting Flow Laboratory (HIREF), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

mthalhah@utm.my

Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin, High Speed Reacting Flow Laboratory (HIREF), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

mohdfairus@mail.fkm.utm.my

Norikhwan Hamzah, High Speed Reacting Flow Laboratory (HIREF), School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

norikhwan@utm.my

Nor azwadi Che Sidik, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (Mjiit), Utm Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

azwadi@utm.my

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Published

2023-06-30

How to Cite

Muhammad Syafiq Ridhwan Selamat, Muhammad Thalhah Zainal, Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin, Norikhwan Hamzah, & Nor azwadi Che Sidik. (2023). Modelling of the Flame Synthesis of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes in Non-premixed Flames with Aerosol Catalyst. Journal of Advanced Research in Numerical Heat Transfer, 13(1), 39–51. https://doi.org/10.37934/arnht.13.1.3951

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 1: June (2023)

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