Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of TiO2-3%F+/MEG-40 Binary Nanofluid for Sustainable Cooling Systems in Plastic Injection Molding Applications

Abstract

This study explores thermal conductivity enhancement in nanofluids for high-temperature applications (70–120°C), specifically targeting plastic injection molding. The research investigates two formulations: TiO₂-3%/MEG-40 nanofluid, containing 3 vol% TiO₂ nanoparticles, and TiO₂-3%F8/MEG-40 binary nanofluid, comprising TiO₂ rutile and SiO₂ beta-quartz composite nanoparticles in a 92:8 ratio with a total volume fraction of 3 vol%. Both nanofluids were synthesized using the two-step method, with grain size confirmed via scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Thermal conductivity was measured using a TEMPOS Thermal Property Analyzer in a highly insulated heating chamber. Results demonstrated significant enhancements in comparison to the base fluid, with TiO₂-3%/MEG-40 nanofluid and TiO₂-3%F8/MEG-40 binary nanofluid exhibiting an 18% and 22% increase in thermal conductivity at approximately 95°C. Including SiO₂ beta-quartz nanoparticles enhanced dispersion, and thermal conductivity, highlighting their critical role in optimizing performance. These findings demonstrate the potential of TiO₂ rutile and SiO₂ beta-quartz nanofluids to improve thermal management in industrial processes, advancing beyond existing literature by integrating nanoparticle stability with higher temperature thermal performance.