Dual Solutions of Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer in Hybrid Nanofluid over a Stretching/Shrinking Cylinder

Abstract

The boundary layer flow over a stretching/shrinking cylinder in hybrid nanofluid with the effects of suction, partial slip and convective boundary condition is studied. Hybrid nanoparticles Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ with water as based fluid are considered in the study. The partial differential equations are transformed to ordinary differential equations by employing the similarity variables. The numerical results are obtained using the bvp4c solver in MATLAB software. The influence of nanoparticles volume fraction (Al₂O₃-TiO₂ in water-based fluid), curvature parameter, suction parameter, partial slip parameter and Biot number on the velocity profile, temperature profile, skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate are discussed. The numerical results indicate that for shrinking surface case, the dual solutions exist for a certain range of curvature parameter and suction parameter.