Effect of Cross-Sectional Depth on Horizontal and 30° Slop Spillway Open Channel Pico Hydro Cross-Flow Turbine Efficiency

Authors

  • Aji Putro Prakoso Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Budiarso Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Warjito Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Ahmad Fudholi Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
  • Deny Bayu Saefudin Mechanical Engineering Program, Faculty of Manufacturing Technology, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia
  • Chairul Umam Rosyadi Mechanical Engineering Program, Faculty of Manufacturing Technology, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia
  • Aris Suryadi Electrical Technology Program, Politeknik Enjinering Indorama Purwakarta, Indonesia
  • Ghalya Fikra Research Center for Intelligent Mechatronics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
  • Yadi Radiansyah Research Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
  • Yusuf Suryo Utomo Research Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.113.1.176187

Keywords:

Open channel flow, spillway, pico hydro, turbine, cross-flow, depth

Abstract

Harvesting the kinetic energy from the small dam’s spillway downstream flow in agricultural areas is interesting. On the other hand, a cross-flow turbine (CFT) is a unique impulse turbine because it works at a higher specific speed, which means this turbine works at a lower head and higher water flow rate. Thus, there is an opportunity to use a CFT to harvest the energy in the spillway. There are two possible scenarios: at the flat horizontal and the 30° slop flow. Several computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to test the hypothesis. The simulations were performed with five variations of the ratio between the cross-sectional depth parameter of the spillway’s flow before approaching the turbine for each scenario. The total head in the present study case is 3.0 meters with 120 l/s of water discharge. The simulations used ANSYS® Fluent™ for 2D CFD simulation. The tests found that the CFT could attain 80.36% efficiency. Moreover, some water flows over the turbine at a higher rotational speed, leading to a significant loss in turbine performance, called potential loss. This finding indicates that the CFT could harvest the spillway’s flow kinetic energy when the flow is not too deep.

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Author Biographies

Aji Putro Prakoso, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

ajipp13@gmail.com

Budiarso, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

budiarso@ui.ac.id

Warjito, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

warjito@eng.ui.ac.id

Ahmad Fudholi, Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia

a.fudholi@ukm.edu.my

Deny Bayu Saefudin, Mechanical Engineering Program, Faculty of Manufacturing Technology, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia

deny.bayusaefudin@lecture.unjani.ac.id

Chairul Umam Rosyadi, Mechanical Engineering Program, Faculty of Manufacturing Technology, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia

chairul171296@gmail.com

Aris Suryadi, Electrical Technology Program, Politeknik Enjinering Indorama Purwakarta, Indonesia

aris.suryadi@pei.ac.id

Ghalya Fikra, Research Center for Intelligent Mechatronics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia

ghal001@brin.go.id

Yadi Radiansyah, Research Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia

yadi003@brin.go.id

Yusuf Suryo Utomo, Research Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia

yustomo@gmail.com

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Published

2024-01-15

How to Cite

Aji Putro Prakoso, Budiarso, Warjito, Ahmad Fudholi, Deny Bayu Saefudin, Chairul Umam Rosyadi, Aris Suryadi, Ghalya Fikra, Yadi Radiansyah, & Yusuf Suryo Utomo. (2024). Effect of Cross-Sectional Depth on Horizontal and 30° Slop Spillway Open Channel Pico Hydro Cross-Flow Turbine Efficiency. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 113(1), 176–187. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.113.1.176187

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