Application of Internet of Things (IoT) on Monitoring EC and pH Values for Fertigation System

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel Internet of Things (IoT) based fertigation control system designed to enhance traditional agricultural practices in Malaysia, particularly in rural areas. The system integrates a fertigation approach, combining fertilization and irrigation, with smart devices and a NodeMCU ESP32 microcontroller to automate the tracking of data from liquid fertilizer mixtures. By utilizing EC and pH sensors, the system accurately monitors the nutrient concentration and pH levels of the fertilizer mix, with data displayed on an IoT platform for real-time observation and control. This approach mitigates common issues such as overfertilization and inefficient nutrient use, offering significant improvements over manual data collection methods. The system's performance was validated, showing successful monitoring and control of the fertilization process, leading to enhanced plant health and crop quality. Key findings indicate that the system's integration with IoT technology provides a more efficient, automated solution for managing fertilizer applications, reducing labor and time while ensuring optimal plant nutrient levels. The study also highlights the potential for future development, including the integration of additional sensors and advanced data analytics to optimize fertigation practices further. The implementation of this IoT-based system represents a significant advancement towards sustainable agriculture, offering practical benefits for Malaysian farmers and setting a foundation for further innovation in fertigation technology.