Effect of Alkali on the Mechanical Properties of Sansevieria Fiber Bio-Composites

Abstract

This study investigated the efficacy of different alkali (sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (CaOH), and potassium hydroxide (KOH)) in removing hemicellulose and lignin from Sansevieria fibers (SF) while maintaining cellulose content. Employing a precise immersion method, the alkali treatment significantly enhanced the crystalline properties and tensile strength of the fibers. FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated alterations in functional groups, while thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed improved heat resistance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the enhanced crystallinity and reduced amorphousity of the treated fibers. Moreover, tensile testing confirmed the superior tensile strength and overall mechanical properties of the NaOH-treated fibers, attributing this positive outcome to the preservation of cellulose structure and enhanced interfacial bonding with the matrix. This study found that alkali treatment increased the potential of sansevieria fibers as composite reinforcement.