A Systematic Review: Digital Learning in STEM Education

Abstract

The fourth industrial revolution's transformative trajectory of education highlights the critical role of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), a meta-discipline characterized by active, problem-centric approaches like game-based learning, which is critical in navigating the transformations induced by the convergence of advanced technologies. However, the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has encountered substantial challenges in developing countries, with debates surrounding its potential to diminish hands-on learning experiences and pragmatic engagement in educational settings. Given the growing significance of digital educational content, this study undertakes a systematic review to examine the usefulness and implementation of digital learning in STEM education. The primary issue being researched is determining digital interventions' best integration and impact in improving STEM learning experiences and results. A thorough examination of various research, concentrating on various educational levels and digital technologies, was carried out to get significant insights into their pedagogical implications and efficacy. This paper employs the PRISMA approach to collect primary data using keywords such as "digital learning," "technology learning," and "STEM education." An advanced search on SCOPUS and Web of Science yielded 27 articles, revealing three central themes: (1) digital integration and innovation in STEM Education, (2) barriers, perceptions, and motivation in STEM learning, and (3) interdisciplinary and cross-cultural approaches in STEM education. The anticipated findings will provide a more nuanced understanding of digital learning's multifaceted effects on student engagement, academic performance, and interest in STEM subjects and highlight the transformative potential of digital tools in fostering innovative and inclusive learning environments. Finally, this study aims to provide significant insights into the techniques for effective integration of digital technologies in STEM, enhancing learning experiences and supporting the development of critical 21st-century skills and competencies.