Comparative Analysis of Aerodynamic Drag between Long Tail and Short Tail Aero Helmets through Wind Tunnel Testing

Abstract

Aerodynamic drag is a critical factor influencing the performance of competitive cyclists, particularly in time-trial events, where reducing drag can significantly improve speed and efficiency. Helmets are an essential component of aerodynamic gear, and their design plays a vital role in minimizing air resistance. However, the effect of different helmet shapes and head positions on aerodynamic performance has not been thoroughly examined. This study aims to investigate and compare the aerodynamic performance of long-tail (LT) and short-tail (ST) aero helmets, along with the Kabuto Aero SL, under varying pitch angles and speeds. Wind tunnel testing was conducted using an adult-sized mannequin head, with helmets evaluated at pitch angles ranging from 15° to 45° and wind speeds of 5 to 15 m/s. The results showed that the LT Aero helmet achieved the best performance at lower pitch angles (15°), while the ST Aero helmet performed optimally at a 25° pitch angle. The Kabuto Aero SL helmet demonstrated superior performance at low pitch positions, particularly at 15°. These findings highlight the importance of helmet design and head positioning in optimizing aerodynamic efficiency for cyclists in competitive conditions.