Small Scale Hydro Turbines for Sustainable Rural Electrification Program

Abstract

Hydropower is one of the world leading green alternative energy to produce electricity besides solar and wind energy. Most potential sites for large hydropower scheme in Peninsular Malaysia have been explored. Due to cabling cost and geographical constraints rural electrification program requires in-situ application which make small hydropower scheme more favourable choice. This run-of-river scheme is environmental friendly as no dam is required. Potential locations in Malaysia have been suggested for small hydro turbine applications, which are ideal for eco-friendly tourist industry and remote power supply. The two such sites are Kg. Tual, Raub, Pahang and Gunung Ledang, Tangkak, Johor. The preliminary studies have been conducted at both locations to select suitable hydro turbine based on their head and water flow rate. Altimeter and water velocity probe are used for data collection. As each location is unique, the correct data are needed to estimate the power production and the turbine type. Kg. Tual scheme is found capable of producing 266.99 kW with cost of energy of RM0.017 per kWh by using Pelton or Turgo turbine. However, Gunung Ledang site is suitable of using Kaplan or crossflow turbine as it is able of producing only 4.75 kW at a cost of RM0.159 per kWh.