Comparison of Heat Transfer Rate with Aluminium based Nano Fluid and Magnetised Ferro Fluid in Internal Combustion Engine Heat Exchanger

Abstract

Automotive radiators are compact heat exchangers used to exchange the heat absorbed from the engine to the cooling media. Purpose-designed nanoparticles of CuO, alumina, titanium dioxide, carbon nanotubes, silica, ferro particles etc dispersed into the carrier liquid enhances the heat transfer capabilities. This paper compares the heat transfer rate using aluminium based nano fluid and nano sized ferrofluid with and without magnetization experimentally in a heat exchanger using water as base fluid. An experimental setup was constructed with facility to measure all required temperatures. Using the obtained data, the optimum heat transfer rate and efficiency of heat exchanger is calculated with different combinations. The size of the particle used for the experiment is 35nm and 29.2nm respectively for aluminium based particle and ferro particle. The temperature difference across the heat exchanger was 6°C when water alone was used as the cooling media. Ferro particles from 1% to 5% were added into the base fluid and it was observed that the optimum temperature difference was noted when 4% ferro particles used with base fluid, the temperature difference increased from 6°C to 11°C at this combination. The ferro particles were then magnetized and when 4% ferro particles were magnetized, the temperature difference increased to 15.6°C. Further increase in ferro particles and magnetization shows reduction in temperature difference. The maximum temperature difference obtained by using aluminium based nano fluid is at 5% addition and the temperature difference is 9.3°C. The comparison shows that magnetized ferrofluid is more efficient than aluminium based fluid in heat exchanging. For validation, the software used is FLUENT and for regression analysis & evaluation, software packages such as MINITAB 18 and MATLAB 16a are used.