Identify in Vitro Behaviour of Composite Coating Hydroxyapatite-Nano Silver on Titanium Substrate by Electrophoretic Technic for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

To develop Titanium implants that are biocompatible, non-toxic and exhibit antibacterial properties, it is imperative to apply biomaterial coatings that meet the stringent standards required for biomedical applications. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is extensively used as a coating for bone implants due to its exceptional biocompatibility. However, Titanium's vulnerability to corrosion and bacterial colonization within the physiological environment poses significant challenges that can undermine the long-term success of implants. This study explores the in vitro behaviour of a composite coating composed of hydroxyapatite (HA) and varying concentrations of nano-silver (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.%) on a Titanium substrate, utilizing the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique. Given Titanium's prevalent use in orthopaedic and dental implants for its favourable mechanical properties and biocompatibility, enhancing its surface characteristics is essential for implant longevity. The HA-nano silver composite coating is designed to augment Titanium's surface by improving its resistance to corrosion, enhancing biocompatibility and providing antibacterial protection. The coatings were applied at 30V for 30 minutes and their crystallinity, morphology and microstructure were systematically characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Corrosion resistance was evaluated through potentiodynamic polarization in simulated body fluid (SBF). The findings indicate that the HA-nano silver coating markedly enhances the corrosion resistance of Titanium, with the 10% silver coating showing a significant reduction in corrosion current density. These results underscore the potential of HA-nano silver coatings in advancing the performance of Titanium-based surgical instruments, particularly in improving both biocompatibility and corrosion resistance.