Computational Fluid Dynamic Study of the Pharyngeal Airway Characteristics Before and After Mandibular Setback Surgery in Patients with Mandibular Prognathism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.14.3.6878Keywords:
Mandibular Prognathism, Computational Fluid Dynamic, Obstructive Sleep ApneaAbstract
Mandibular prognathism had been one of the most inconvenienced deformities developed in humans. This type of deformity possesses a protruded mandible jaw, and it can cause inconvenience in talking chewing and affect the aesthetic of the person diagnosed with this problem. However, this problem can be solved through mandibular setback surgery. This surgery will reposition the mandible jaw backward. The main concern of this surgery is, by repositioning the mandible jaw backward, the cross-sectional area of the airway will also be reduced. This condition might induce the iatrogenic of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Thus, this study analyzed the characteristic of the pharyngeal airway in pre-treatment and post-virtual-operative conditions. This analysis simulates the pharyngeal airway with the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) method. The respondent's data was obtained from computed tomography (CT) scan and was modeled into a 3-dimensional (3D) model. The simulation process takes place using the 3D model, mesh generation, and boundary conditions set-up. The flow pattern, pressure drop, airway wall shear stress, and turbulent kinetic energy were compared between both simulations. The simulations result present that, after the surgery, the pharyngeal airway decreases significantly. The pressure drop, flow pattern, airway wall shear stress (WSS), and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) seem more significant around the critical plane in the post-treatment condition. However, these factors did not contribute to the OSA as it is not large enough to become the cause of OSA.
Downloads
References
Tabet, Connie Hardy, and Kathy Lopez-Bushnell. "Sleep, snoring, and surgery: OSA screening matters." Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing 33, no. 6 (2018): 790-800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopan.2017.01.009
Carberry, Jayne C., Jason Amatoury, and Danny J. Eckert. "Personalized management approach for OSA." Chest 153, no. 3 (2018): 744-755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2017.06.011
Kim, Myung-Jin, Seong-Gon Kim, and Young-Wook Park. "Positional stability following intentional posterior ostectomy of the distal segment in bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy for correction of mandibular prognathism." Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 30, no. 1 (2002): 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1054/jcms.2001.0272
Kim, Chul-Hwan, Ju-Hyun Lee, Ju-Yeon Cho, Jae-Hoon Lee, and Kyung-Wook Kim. "Skeletal stability after simultaneous mandibular angle resection and sagittal split ramus osteotomy for correction of mandible prognathism." Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery 65, no. 2 (2007): 192-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2005.12.064
Faizal, W. M., Nik Nazri Nik Ghazali, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, M. Z. Zainon, Aznijar Ahmad Yazid, Mohamad Azlin Bin Ali, C. Y. Khor, Norliza Binti Ibrahim, and Roziana M. Razi. "A review of fluid-structure interaction simulation for patients with sleep related breathing disorders with obstructive sleep." Computer methods and programs in biomedicine 180 (2019): 105036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105036
Faizal, W. M., Nik Nazri Nik Ghazali, C. Y. Khor, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, M. Z. Zainon, Aznijar Ahmad Yazid, Norliza Binti Ibrahim, and Roziana Mohd Razi. "Computational fluid dynamics modelling of human upper airway: A review." Computer methods and programs in biomedicine 196 (2020): 105627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105627
Abd Razak, Azli, Abdul Malik Zainol Abidin, Hamidi Saidin, Rafiza Shaharudin, Mohd Faizal Mohamad, and Muhad Rozi Mat Nawi. "Assessments on the Effect of Ventilation System Associated with Children Respiratory Symptoms in Child Care Centers." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 67, no. 2 (2020): 135-143.
Zakaria, Mohamad Shukri, Siti Hajar Zainudin, Haslina Abdullah, Cheng See Yuan, Mohd Juzaila Abd Latif, and Kahar Osman. "CFD Simulation of Non-Newtonian Effect on Hemodynamics Characteristics of Blood Flow through Benchmark Nozzle." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 64, no. 1 (2019): 117-125.
Paisal, Muhammad Sufyan Amir, Ishkrizat Taib, Ahmad Mubarak Tajul Arifin, and Nofrizalidris Darlis. "An analysis of blood pressure waveform using windkessel model for normotensive and hypertensive conditions in carotid artery." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 57, no. 1 (2019): 69-85.
Jaafar, Nurul Aini, Siti NurulAifa Mohd ZainulAbidin, Zuhaila Ismail, and Ahmad Qushairi Mohamad. "Mathematical Analysis of Unsteady Solute Dispersion with Chemical Reaction Through a Stenosed Artery." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 86, no. 2 (2021): 56-73. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.86.2.5673
Khairulfuaad, Riyadhthusollehan, Norzelawati Asmuin, and Ishkrizat Taib. "Study on Aqueous Humour Hydrodynamics of Glaucoma Condition Using 3D Printed Model and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 89, no. 1 (2022): 26-41. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.89.1.2641
Faizal, W. M., C. Y. Khor, N. N. N. Ghazali, and M. Z. Zainon. "Grid sensitivity studies for validation of human upper airways." In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 932, no. 1, p. 012107. IOP Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/932/1/012107
Faizal, W. M., N. N. N. Ghazali, C. Y. Khor, M. Z. Zainon, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, Sarfaraz Kamangar, Norliza Binti Ibrahim, and Roziana Mohd Razi. "Computational Analysis of Air flow in Upper Airway under Light and Heavy Breathing Conditions for a Realistic Patient Having Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 128, no. 2 (2021): 583-604. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2021.015549
Sul, Bora, Anders Wallqvist, Michael J. Morris, Jaques Reifman, and Vineet Rakesh. "A computational study of the respiratory airflow characteristics in normal and obstructed human airways." Computers in biology and medicine 52 (2014): 130-1436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.06.008
Wang, Junshi, Jinxiang Xi, Pan Han, Niphattha Wongwiset, John Pontius, and Haibo Dong. "Computational analysis of a flapping uvula on aerodynamics and pharyngeal wall collapsibility in sleep apnea." Journal of biomechanics 94 (2019): 88-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.07.014
Chen, Hui, Ghizlane Aarab, Jan de Lange, Paul van der Stelt, and Frank Lobbezoo. "The effects of noncontinuous positive airway pressure therapies on the aerodynamic characteristics of the upper airway of obstructive sleep apnea patients: a systematic review." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 76, no. 7 (2018): 1559-e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2018.02.017
Lantz, Jonas, Tino Ebbers, Jan Engvall, and Matts Karlsson. "Numerical and experimental assessment of turbulent kinetic energy in an aortic coarctation." Journal of biomechanics 46, no. 11 (2013): 1851-1858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.04.028
Miller, Jennifer N., and Ann M. Berger. "Screening and assessment for obstructive sleep apnea in primary care." Sleep medicine reviews 29 (2016): 41-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2015.09.005
