Thermal Properties and Characterization of Natural Cellulosic Fiber Isolated from Malaysian Oil Palm Leaf (Elaeis guineensis)

Abstract

This study investigates the characterization of natural fibers derived from Oil Palm leaves, focusing on their chemical composition, mechanical, thermal, and physical properties. Chemical analysis revealed a high cellulose content of 30.44%, highlighting the fiber's potential as a sustainable reinforcement material. Mechanical testing demonstrated an average tensile strength of 114.71 ± 8.50 MPa and a modulus of elasticity of 3.98 ± 0.52 GPa, indicating excellent mechanical performance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of crystalline regions, with the crystalline size estimated to be 2.04nm. Thermogravimetric analysis showed thermal stability up to 270°C, making the fibers suitable for high-temperature processing, while the moisture content was found to be 12.00%, manageable for industrial applications. These results highlight the potential of Oil Palm leaf fibers as eco-friendly, high-performance reinforcement materials for bio-based polymer composites.