Performance of Sludge Palm Oil Combustion Using Waste Oil Burner

Muhammad Ahmar Zuber; Ahmad Muhsin Ithnin; Wira Jazair Yahya; Ahmad DanishAbd Wahab; Mohamad Azrin Ahmad

Authors

Muhammad Ahmar Zuber Advance Vehicle System, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kampung Datuk Keramat, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Received 14 April 2018 Received in revised form 25 June 2018 Accepted 4 July 2018 Available online 2 September 2018Sludge palm oil (SPO) is one of the wastes produced during the activity of palm oil milling process. The most common method to synthesise biodiesel from SPO is through a chemical process known as esterification and transesterification. The chemical process required additional cost and time. Hence this paper aims to evaluate the utilisation of SPO directly as fuel in burner system and compare with conventional diesel. The SPO studied contain free fatty acid (FFA) content about 30 %, density and viscosity at 0.982 g/cm3 and 67.76 mm2/s respectively which is higher than diesel. The maximum combustion temperature achieved was 869 °C lower than diesel, 891 °C. Lower CO, CO2 and NOx emission during combustion compare to diesel around 34 %, 6% and 90 % reduction respectively. The low combustion temperature, flame length and emission due to the high viscosity of SPO compare to diesel. Fuel spray and flow was affected by viscosity which lowers the combustibility and consumption of SPO. SPO show great properties and combustion performance as fuel for burner system and improvement can make it even better.Keywords: Sludge palm oil, waste oil burner, flame, emission, waste to energy Copyright © 2018 PENERBIT AKADEMIA BARU - All rights reserved 1. Introduction Palm oil industry has grown over the year producing edible oil, by-product and waste along the process. The vast waste produces from the palm oil process is a threat to the environment as the waste can be harmful and need a massive area of land for disposal. This waste can be reduced through the chemical or physical process and converted into useful product. Converting waste into product and energy is aligned with the purpose of producing green and renewable energy especially from waste. The waste and by-product produced from palm oil industry are categorized into two type namely solid and liquid waste. Each type of waste produces from the palm oil milling process can be identified at each stage as depicted in Fig. 1. Oil Palm Frond (OPF), Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB), Fiber and Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) are the solid waste while wastewater is the liquid waste. The wastewater usually *Corresponding author. E-mail address: ahmadmuhsin@utm.my (Ahmad Muhsin Ithnin) PenerbitAkademia BaruOpen Access
Ahmad Muhsin Ithnin Advance Vehicle System, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kampung Datuk Keramat, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Wira Jazair Yahya Advance Vehicle System, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kampung Datuk Keramat, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Ahmad DanishAbd Wahab Advance Vehicle System, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kampung Datuk Keramat, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Mohamad Azrin Ahmad Advance Vehicle System, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology,Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kampung Datuk Keramat, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Keywords:

waste oil burner, Sludge palm oil, flame, emission, waste to energy

Abstract

Sludge palm oil (SPO) is one of the wastes produced during the activity of palm oil milling process. The most common method to synthesise biodiesel from SPO is through a chemical process known as esterification and transesterification. The chemical process required additional cost and time. Hence this paper aims to evaluate the utilisation of SPO directly as fuel in burner system and compare with conventional diesel. The SPO studied contain free fatty acid (FFA) content about 30 %, density and viscosity at 0.982 g/cm3 and 67.76 mm2/s respectively which is higher than diesel. The maximum combustion temperature achieved was 869 °C lower than diesel, 891 °C. Lower CO, CO2 and NOx emission during combustion compare to diesel around 34 %, 6% and 90 % reduction respectively. The low combustion temperature, flame length and emission due to the high viscosity of SPO compare to diesel. Fuel spray and flow was affected by viscosity which lowers the combustibility and consumption of SPO. SPO show great properties and combustion performance as fuel for burner system and improvement can make it even better