The Kinetic Study of Malaysian Poultry Processing Dewatered Sludge (PPDS) Combustion Using Iso-Conversional Model Free Method

Abstract

The kinetic study of Malaysian Poultry Processing Dewatered Sludge (PPDS) from two different origins, namely PPDS 1 and PPDS 2, has been conducted by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The temperature from 30°C to 1000°C was set in oxidizing atmosphere at four different heating rates. The TG and DTG profiles from the TGA result depicted that the combustion characteristic of both samples is different in every stage. Differences in fuel characteristic influenced the thermal behaviour of the samples. In this study, two models from the iso-conversional model free method, namely Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) models were adopted to calculate the kinetic parameters. The average activation energy of PPDS 1 is lower than PPDS 2, which describes that the reaction mechanism of PPDS 1 is easier and requires less time to complete compared to PPDS 2. The difference in extracting PPDS between two origins of waste at sludge water treatment process slightly affected the outcome of this analysis.