Simulation of Heat Transfer on Blood Flow through a Stenosed Bifurcated Artery

Abstract

Atherosclerotic with high occurrence of plaque happened due to stenosis that caused narrowing of the vessel wall causing an alternation in the flow structure. Previous researchers have proved that the formation of stenosis with high probability of rupture can be characterized by the changing of the temperature distribution in the bifurcated artery. The aim of the study is to investigate the dynamic response of heat transfer in blood flow through bifurcated artery under stenotic condition. The blood vessel is modelled as a two-dimensional (2D) rigid wall and the blood flow is assumed to be Newtonian fluid, incompressible, laminar, and steady. Simulation result is obtained by using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2, a software based on the FEM. The investigation is focused on the blood flow characteristics such as the velocity profile, temperature profile and streamline pattern of which has been discussed and fundamentally agreed well with the available literature. The outcome shows that the presence of stenosis with slightly change of the stenosis shape and value of Reynold number give appreciable influences to the velocity, temperature distribution and reverse flow recirculation as indicated by negative flow near the arterial wall.