Two-Phase Flow Modelling Based on Roughness Surface Effect of Roller Compacted Concrete
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.17.3.116Keywords:
RCC, CFD, air inception, cavitation index, numerical, experimental, VOF, two phase flowAbstract
One of the most important considerations that are interest to researchers on the stepped spillway in hydraulic structure is the location of the point at which the flow begins to transform into two phase-flow and the development of boundary layers. In this study, an unconventional rough surface was used (RCC materials), which has completely different properties from what is used in previous laboratory studies, which uses smooth surfaces in reality to represent the actual roughness of the surface. Benchmark mixes are evaluated as a reference standard concrete to determine the optimal combination proportions for RCC according to The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Standard. A laboratory study of different models enhanced by a mathematical model CFD with VOF technics to described the two- phase interaction to investigate the location of the inception point and compare the results with the proposed equations assumed by different researchers in this topic. The results obtained from the study showed a clear effect of surface roughness on the location of the inception point and the formation of the boundary layer for laboratory models. It’s clearly found that the two-phase flow starts with closer locations than it is for conventional models and the ratios vary (10 % - 20 %) according to the discharge values (where the effect of surface roughness is evident in the low discharges compared to the high discharges in which the boundary Lear effect begins to fade.
Downloads
References
Koen, Jaco. "Artificial aeration on stepped spillways with piers and flares to mitigate cavitation damage." PhD diss., Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University, 2017.
Chanson, Hubert. "Self-aerated flows on chutes and spillways." Journal of hydraulic engineering 119, no. 2 (1993): 220-243.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1993)119:2(220) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1993)119:2(220)
Ditchey, Eric J., and David B. Campbell. "Roller compacted concrete and stepped spillways." In Hydraulics of Stepped Spillways, pp. 171-178. CRC Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003078609-27 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003078609-27
Fadaei-Kermani, E., G. A. Barani, and M. Ghaeini-Hessaroeyeh. "Numerical detection of cavitation damage on dam spillway." Civil Engineering Journal 2, no. 9 (2016): 484-490. https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2016-00000051 DOI: https://doi.org/10.28991/cej-2016-00000051
U.S. Army Corps, “Roller Compacted Concrete”, Technical Engineering and Design Guides as Adopted from the U.S.A. Army Corps of Engineering, New York, ASCE, 1994, PP. (100).
Inozemtsev, Yu P. "Cavitation destruction of concrete and protective facings under natural conditions." Hydrotechnical Construction 3 (1969): 35-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02376369 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02376369
ACI Committee, 318. "Building code requirements for structural concrete (ACI 318-08) and commentary." American Concrete Institute, 2008.
Chanson, Hubert. "Aeration and deaeration at bottom aeration devices on spillways." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 21, no. 3 (1994): 404-409. https://doi.org/10.1139/l94-044 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/l94-044
Chamani, M. R., and N. Rajaratnam. "Characteristics of skimming flow over stepped spillways." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 125, no. 4 (1999): 361-368. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1999)125:4(361) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1999)125:4(361)
Chanson, Hubert. "Hydraulics of skimming flows over stepped channels and spillways." Journal of Hydraulic Research 32, no. 3 (1994): 445-460. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221689409498745 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00221689409498745
Rajaratnam, Nallamuthu. "Skimming flow in stepped spillways." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 116, no. 4 (1990): 587-591. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1990)116:4(587)
Sorensen, Robert M. "Stepped spillway hydraulic model investigation." Journal of hydraulic Engineering 111, no. 12 (1985): 1461-1472. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1985)111:12(1461)
Boes, Robert M., and Willi H. Hager. "Two-phase flow characteristics of stepped spillways." Journal of hydraulic engineering 129, no. 9 (2003): 661-670.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2003)129:9(661). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2003)129:9(661)
Chanson, Hubert. "Predicting oxygen content downstream of weirs, spillways and waterways." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Water Maritime and Energy 112, no. 1 (1995): 20-30.https://doi.org/10.1680/iwtme.1995.27390. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/iwtme.1995.27390
Hunt, Sherry L., and Kem C. Kadavy. "Inception point relationship for flat-sloped stepped spillways." In 2009 Reno, Nevada, June 21-June 24, 2009, p. 1. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2009. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.27162 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.27162
Wan, Wuyi, Awais Raza, and Xiaoyi Chen. "Effect of height and geometry of stepped spillway on inception point location." Applied Sciences 9, no. 10 (2019): 2091. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9102091 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app9102091
Wood, Ian R., Peter Ackers, and John Loveless. "General method for critical point on spillways." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 109, no. 2 (1983): 308-312. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1983)109:2(308) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1983)109:2(308)
Pagliara, Stefano, and Alessandro Peruginelli. "Limiting and sill-controlled adverse-slope hydraulic jump." Journal of hydraulic Engineering 126, no. 11 (2000): 847-851. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2000)126:11(847) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2000)126:11(847)
ANSYS, Inc. ANSYS FLUENT User's Guide, Southpointe 277 Technology Drive Canonsburg PA 15317; USA, 2010.
Kurdistani, Sahameddin Mahmoudi, and Gianluca Cosimo Perrone. "Diffusion of a Surface Marine Sewage Effluent." CFD Letters 15, no. 12 (2023): 135-153.https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.15.12.135153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.15.12.135153
Ashoor, Abdelwanees, and Amin Riazi. "Stepped spillways and energy dissipation: A non-uniform step length approach." Applied Sciences 9, no. 23 (2019): 5071.https://doi.org/10.3390/app9235071 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app9235071
Wei, Wangru, Weilin Xu, Jun Deng, and Yakun Guo. "Free surface air entrainment and single-bubble movement in supercritical open-channel flow." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 146, no. 7 (2020): 04020050. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001769 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001769
Alturfi, Uday A., and Abdul-Hassan K. Shukur. "Investigation of Energy Dissipation for Different Breakwater Based on Computational Fluid Dynamic Model." CFD Letters 16, no. 1 (2024): 22-42. https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.16.1.2242 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.16.1.2242
Muhammad, N. M., N. A. C. Sidik, Aminuddin Saat, W. A. M. Japar, S. N. Yusop, and Y. Asako. "Numerical investigation of Two-phase Turbulent forced convection heat transfer and flow of nanofluids in a non-parallel wall minichannel heat sink." In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1874, no. 1, p. 012056. IOP Publishing, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1874/1/012056 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1874/1/012056
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
