Comparative Analysis of Flow in U-Turn Rectangular Ducts with Direct Numerical Simulation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.17.7.4760Keywords:
U-turn rectangular ducts, CFD, DNS, LBM, Reynolds numberAbstract
Fluid flow within U-turn rectangular ducts plays a significant role in engineering applications, particularly in heat exchangers. Efficient design and optimization of these ducts are crucial for achieving optimal performance, especially concerning heat transfer. Previous research has predominantly utilized experimental methods to study flow behaviour in U-turn ducts, focusing on factors such as pressure loss and heat transfer. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has also been employed to explore flow characteristics, revealing the influence of parameters such as Reynolds number and gap size on flow behaviour. However, a detailed investigation into the flow structure within U-turn ducts has been lacking. To address this gap, this study employs Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) to conduct a thorough investigation of flow in U-turn rectangular ducts. The study is conducted by varying the Reynolds numbers from 100 to 2000 and the gap size from 50% to 150% of the duct inlet diameter. Based on the simulation, it is found three distinct flow modes: Mode 1, representing attached laminar flow; Mode 2, representing detached laminar flow; and Mode 3, representing attached vortices flow. Of the three models, it is known that high Re numbers and narrow gaps have good heat transfer performance. These findings offer crucial guidance for designing efficient U-turn duct systems and lay the foundation for future research exploring more complex flow scenarios.
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