Production and Evaluation of Orthophoto Map using UAV Photogrammetry

Abstract

Maps are essential for individuals to be able to navigate between locations. They also include methods for estimating, categorizing, and describing a location. The mapping process has several methods, such as the conventional method, namely tacheometry, which uses the total station tool or theodilite. However, this method requires the expertise of experienced people, a large workforce and high cost. This study aims to produce an orthophoto map of UTHM Pagoh Residential College, covering an area of 12.75 hectares, with more detail utilizing the UAV photogrammetry method. The orthophoto map was conducted by capturing 549 images with a DJI Mavic 2 Pro drone and Pix4D Capture software at a height of 70m. The side overlap was 70%, and the front overlap was 80% across the full study area. Pix4D Mapper software was used to process the orthophoto images, which were subsequently improved to fulfil orthographic map features. The orthophoto map was compared to the existing layout plan of UTHM Pagoh Student Residential College. The comparison between the map and the layout plan can be seen from the quality and clearer view. In addition, the orthophoto map was examined on-site to ensure the accuracy of the generated orthophoto map. This study has produced better and higher resolution orthophoto maps with more accurate detail displays at a lower cost, with fewer labours, and in a shorter period of time.