Study of Histological Changes of Testis in Rats of Different Ages When Exposed to Frequency 10GHZ Within The X-Band Microwave

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of 10 GHz microwave exposure, within the X-band range, on rat testicular tissue and sperm development across different age groups. Laboratory rats were divided into a control group of six, which was not exposed to microwaves, and a treatment group of 18, further split into three age-based subgroups (8–12 weeks, 12–16 weeks, and 16–20 weeks), each containing six rats exposed to 10 GHz microwaves for 2.5 hours daily over five weeks. The findings revealed no histological changes in the control group. However, in the treated groups, significant alterations were observed: the youngest group showed a lack of sperm formation and loss of spermatocytes; the middle group displayed malformed sperm and reduced numbers; and the oldest group experienced a decrease in sperm count and minor shape alterations. Additionally, after five weeks, all treated groups exhibited damage to the testicular interstitial tissue, including ruptures and space formation between seminiferous tubules. This study suggests potential risks of microwave exposure on reproductive health and lays the groundwork for future research in this area.