Production of Bio-Sorbent from Banana Peel (Musa acuminate L) Activated with ZnCl2 for Carbon Monoxide Gas Emission Adsorption from Motor Vehicles
Keywords:
Banana peel, ZnCl2 activator, biosorbent, exhaust gas emissionsAbstract
Banana peel is one of the agricultural waste that is easily obtained, inexpensive, and can be prepared as environmentally friendly bio-sorbents. The purpose of this study was focused on producing bio-sorbent from banana peel waste (Musa acuminate L) with a chemical activation process using ZnCl2 activator as an absorber for motor vehicle exhaust gas emissions. The dried peels were carbonized in the furnace at a temperature of 400°C for 1.5 hours and followed by chemical activation using ZnCl2 at variation of concentration 1, 2, and 3 N during 1, 2, and 3 hours, respectively. Characteristics of bio-sorbent produced were identified using Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Results showed that bio-sorbent characteristics of banana peel (Musa acuminate L) activated by ZnCl2 still meet the technical activated carbon quality requirements based on Indonesian National Standard (SNI 06-3730-1995) with a moisture content of 5.40-10.70%, ash content of 6.10-9.00%, and volatile matter 5.60-10.40%. The FTIR surface test results showed that bio-sorbent had an absorption of C-O, C=C, and C-H functional groups. On the bio sorbent surface of the banana peel which has been activated with ZnCl2 appeared with a larger pore diameter (12.872-28.566 µm) when compared to the bio-sorbent surface before activation. Bio-sorbent of banana peel (Musa acuminate L) activated by ZnCl2 can adsorb CO gas emission levels up to 44%.