Influence of Altered Pressures on Flow Dynamics in Carotid Bifurcation System Using Numerical Methods

Authors

  • Abhilash Hebbandi Ningappa Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
  • Suraj Patil Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
  • Gowrava Shenoy Belur Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
  • Augustine Benjamin Valerian Barboza Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
  • Nitesh Kumar Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
  • Raghuvir Pai Ballambat Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
  • Adi Azriff Basri Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Shah Mohammed Abdul Khader Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
  • Masaaki Tamagawa Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Sciences and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.97.1.4761

Keywords:

Carotid bifurcation, ANSYS Fluent, altered blood pressure, CFD, blood flow

Abstract

The application of numerical methods like CFD to understand hemodynamics in arteries has excellent potential to solve complex flow problems. In recent years, CFD has been primarily used in the hemodynamics of the carotid artery due to advances in computational resources. This technique is widely used to obtain knowledge on hemodynamics, predict the risk factors for the development and progression of the atherosclerotic lesion, and analyze local flow profiles due to changes in the carotid artery geometry. This fundamental study will be supportive in observing the blood flow behavior through arteries and studying arterial diseases. The present study investigates three different subject-specific carotid bifurcation models under altered blood pressure conditions. Subject-specific 3D carotid bifurcation modeling is carried out using Materialize software. Unsteady flow simulation is conducted in ANSYS Fluent under the rigid wall and Newtonian conditions. The haemodynamic parameters such as vorticity, helicity, and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) were evaluated to understand better the beginning and progression of atherosclerotic plaques in the bifurcation. Also, the influence of geometric variation in the bifurcation region was investigated, and it was observed that this region causes significant vortex formation zones. A noticeable reduction in velocity and backflow formation was observed, which reduced the shear stress. It is established that the regions of low TAWSS along the bifurcation region are likely to develop atherosclerosis.

Author Biographies

Abhilash Hebbandi Ningappa, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India

abhilash.n2@learner.manipal.edu

Suraj Patil, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India

suraj1998.patil@gmail.com

Gowrava Shenoy Belur, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India

gowrav.shenoy@manipal.edu

Augustine Benjamin Valerian Barboza, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India

a.barboza@manipal.edu

Nitesh Kumar, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India

nitesh.naik@manipal.edu

Raghuvir Pai Ballambat, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India

raghuvir.pai@manipal.edu

Adi Azriff Basri, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

adiazriff@upm.edu.my

Shah Mohammed Abdul Khader, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India

smak.quadri@manipal.edu

Masaaki Tamagawa, Department of Biological Functions Engineering, Graduate School of Life Sciences and System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan

tama@life.kyutech.ac.jp

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Published

2022-06-27

How to Cite

Abhilash Hebbandi Ningappa, Suraj Patil, Gowrava Shenoy Belur, Augustine Benjamin Valerian Barboza, Nitesh Kumar, Raghuvir Pai Ballambat, Adi Azriff Basri, Shah Mohammed Abdul Khader, & Masaaki Tamagawa. (2022). Influence of Altered Pressures on Flow Dynamics in Carotid Bifurcation System Using Numerical Methods. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 97(1), 47–61. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.97.1.4761

Issue

Vol. 97 No. 1: September (2022)

Section

Articles

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