Optimising Biogas Utilisation from Palm Oil Mill Effluent in Dual-Fuel Engines: A CFD Simulation Approach

Yie Yong Chen; Andrew Ragai Henry Rigit; Khairuddin Sanaullah

doi:10.37934/cfdl.17.7.157188

Authors

Chen Yie Yong Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Andrew Ragai Henry Rigit Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Khairuddin Sanaullah Discipline of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.17.7.157188

Keywords:

Reformed biogas, dual-fuel engine, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), combustion efficiency, emission

Abstract

The transition towards sustainable energy is crucial for mitigating climate change and reducing dependence on limited fossil fuels. This study aims to optimise the utilisation of biogas generated from palm oil mill effluent (POME) in dual fuel engines through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. However, this study addressed the challenge of variation in the composition of raw biogas. These differences may make it difficult to effectively control the combustion of internal combustion engines. Thus, to overcome this challenge, the composition of biogas is fixed throughout the cleaning and reforming stages in this study. Using a three-dimensional computational model to evaluate the operation of a single-cylinder compression ignition engine at 1300 rpm under traditional diesel and dual fuel conditions. Due to the symmetry of the cylinder and the periodic pattern of the injector nozzle holes, a 60-degree sector grid representing one-sixth of the cylinder was selected to simulate the entire geometric shape. Using ANSYS Forte software for CFD combustion simulation, this study investigates the effects of reforming biogas substitution on the indicated average effective pressure, total power, thermal efficiency, combustion efficiency and emission characteristics of nine different biogas diesel components (from 0% to 0%). 80% biogas substitution is 20% step size. The research results indicate that replacing diesel with gas fuels such as reformed biogas in dual-fuel engines can affect the performance and efficiency of the engine. Although combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency may initially increase, they will significantly decrease at higher substitution rates, especially at 80%. Nevertheless, reforming biogas still has advantages such as reducing emissions and maintaining output power at medium to high loads. However, compared to traditional diesel engines, challenges such as decreased volumetric efficiency and indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) lead to an overall decline in engine performance.

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Author Biographies

Chen Yie Yong, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

23020213@siswa.unimas.my

Andrew Ragai Henry Rigit, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

arigit@unimas.my

Khairuddin Sanaullah, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

sanaullahk@ukzn.za

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