Aligned Magnetohydrodynamics Free Convection Flow of Magnetic Nanofluid over a Moving Vertical Plate with Convective Boundary Condition

Abstract

Due to its substantial applications in physics, chemistry, and engineering, some emphasis has been given in recent years to explore the boundary layer flow of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluids. The numerical study is conducted to investigate the behaviour of MHD free convection flow of magnetic nanofluids over a moving vertical plate with convective boundary conditions by taking a few types of parameters into consideration. The similarity transformation was used to reduce the partial differential governing equations into ordinary differential equations. Then, the reduced equations were solved using fourth-fifth order Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg and coded into Maple Software. The results of velocity and temperature profiles were illustrated graphically while the results of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number were presented in tabulated data. As a result, inclination angle of magnetic field parameter, magnetic interaction parameter, Grashof number and Biot number improve the velocity field and lowers the momentum boundary layer thickness. However, the nanoparticle volume fraction parameter, and the Biot number parameter boost the temperature field and raise the thermal boundary layer thickness. The Nusselt number of the moving plate with the flow is the highest, whereas the skin friction coefficient of the moving plate against the flow is the highest. Fe₃O₄-kerosene has a better influence to the velocity and temperature profiles as well as skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number.